explained

The Difference between Topical and Penetrating Sealers Explained Stone Sealers for Quartz, Travertine, Marble and Limestone Quick summary: A topical sealant sits on the surface of the stone; penetrating sealers fill stone pores by penetrating the surface. Surface Porosity and Permeability Porosity, the measurement of tiny open spaces or pores in a stone compared to its solid volume, varies among different types of stones. Igneous stones generally have low porosity, while metamorphic and sedimentary stones tend to have higher porosity due to the presence of tiny grains that, even when tightly compacted, leave gaps. On the other hand, permeability, although related, is distinct from porosity. Permeability refers to a material's ability to transmit fluids. In the case of stones, fluids transmit through pores and capillary structures present within the stone. Thus, if a material is both porous and permeable, it is more capable of absorbing liquids and other substances. While this can have advantages in terms of water filtration, it can be problematic when it comes to items like countertops that can absorb water and acidic liquids. This absorption can weaken the stone, leading to fractures or breakage. Compared to other common countertop materials, granite exhibits relatively low porosity, although it still possesses some. On the other hand, limestone and sandstone are highly porous and readily absorb liquids, making them susceptible to etching and wearing away when exposed to acids. Continue reading →